Ars combinatoria, Ramón Llull, & surrealism

"Lully is surrealist in definition."

     — André Breton

First, a note in Esperanto, and then back to English.

---

"Llull estas surrealisma je dinifado." — André Breton

Mi ne scias ĝuste, kiuj surrealistoj aperas (traduke) en la Esperanta medio. Ekzistas tradukitaj du verkoj de rumano Gellu Naum: Patro mia laca kaj L’ekzakto de l’ombro. Cetere, mi konas nur vikipedierojn, plej gravaj ĉi-momente:

Superrealismo
Manifesto de la Superrealismo (1924)
André Breton

Ekzistas almenaŭ kelkaj ligoj inter surrealistoj kaj ars combinatoria, notende Ramón Llull.

---

In my previous post on Jorge Luis Borges, I connected Borges, the ars combinatoria, and surrealism. As it happens, Breton lists Lull (spellings vary) as a surrealist predecessor at least as early as his Manifesto of Surrealism of 1924. Breton reiterates this in What is Surrealism? ("a lecture given in Brussels on 1st June 1934 at a public meeting organised by the Belgian Surrealists, and issued as a pamphlet immediately afterwards"). Aside: In 1934 you see Breton reiterating his earlier principles but now with a shift of emphasis and concern with the fascist threat.